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  • A young boy is walking on the hilltop surrounding the tannery area of Jajmau,<br />
Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh, located on the most polluted stretch of the mighty Ganges River.
    Kanpur_Leather_Industry_01.JPG
  • Guards are lining up for lunch at the deli bar inside the luxurious Halden Fengsel, (prison) near Oslo, Norway.
    Halden_Luxury_Prison_Norway_027.JPG
  • Recruits of the Shaheed Benazir Bhutto Elite Police Training Center, a commando and anti-terrorism academy on the outskirts of Karachi, are taking part to a raid simulation exercise involving the freeing of a hostage. The training center was founded by retired colonel Abdul Wahid Khan, a brave officer who served as a gunship helicopter pilot in the Pakistani Air Force and around the globe with the United Nations, but who's first task as a young army officer in 1979 was to train Afghan Mujahedeen to fight the Soviet Army, the very Mujahedeen that are today's Taleban.
    Protecting_Karachi_Alex_Masi_Pakista...JPG
  • Recruits of the the Shaheed Benazir Bhutto Elite Police Training Center, a commando and anti-terrorism academy on the outskirts of Karachi, are exercising at dawn. The training center was founded by retired colonel Abdul Wahid Khan, a brave officer who served as a gunship helicopter pilot in the Pakistani Air Force and around the globe with the United Nations, but who's first task as a young army officer in 1979 was to train Afghan Mujahedeen to fight the Soviet Army, the very Mujahedeen that are today's Taleban.
    Protecting_Karachi_Alex_Masi_Pakista...JPG
  • Shafiq Syed, 34, is thoughtful while driving his rickshaw along the busy road of Bangalore city centre, Karnataka, India. Shaifq has been the main character of the Cannes' Camera D'Or 1988 winner Salaam Bombay, but after the movie he failed to become a star, fell back into poverty and lived on the streets for years before he became a rickshaw (tuk-tuk) driver in his home city of Bangalore, Karnataka State, India.
    Slumdog_Millionaire_Salaam_Mumbai_In...jpg
  • The City Market is photographed in Bangalore, Karnataka, India. On these very same pavements Shafiq Syed, now 34, used to sleep and make a meagre living when he escaped various times from his father's home at the tender age of 11 to live as a street child here first, and then in Mumbai. It was during the time living next to Churchgate train station, in central Mumbai, that he was selected to become the main character for the cast of Cannes' Camera D'Or 1988 winner Salaam Bombay. After the movie he failed to become a star, fell back into poverty and lived on the streets for years before he moved on to become a rickshaw (tuk-tuk) driver in his home city of Bangalore, Karnataka State, India.
    Slumdog_Millionaire_Salaam_Mumbai_In...jpg
  • Remains of Rubina Ali's house in the slum where she still lives with her family next to the train station of Bandra (East), Mumbai, India, are photographed after her home was recently demolished with no notice as it lay on land owned by the Maharashtra train authorities. She is now permanently living with her uncle's family in a home a stone-throw away in the same slum. Rubina Ali, 9, is the child actor playing the role of 'young Latika', the friend/lover of Jamal, protagonist of Slumdog Millionaire, the famous movie winner of 8 Oscar Academy Awards in December 2008. Various promises were made to lift the two young actors (Azharuddin Ismail and Rubina Ali) from poverty and slum-life but as of the end of May 2009 anything is yet to happen. Azharuddin's home too was demolished in the past two weeks, as it happens every year in his case, because the concrete walls were preventing local authorities to clear a drain passing right behind it. As usual, his father is looking into restoring the walls as soon as the work on the drain has been completed.
    Slumdog_Millionaire_Salaam_Mumbai_In...jpg
  • A woman labourer is carrying a bag of cement on her head while children are playing along the narrow shady passageways of the slum next to the train station of Bandra (East), Mumbai, India, where famous child actors Azharuddin Ismail and Rubina Ali, playing the roles of 'young Salim' and 'young Latika' in the movie Slumdog Millionaire, winner of 8 Oscar Academy Awards in December 2008, still live with their families. Various promises were made to lift the two young actors from poverty and slum-life but as of the end of May 2009 anything is yet to happen. Rubina's house was recently demolished with no notice as it lay on land owned by the Maharashtra train authorities and she is now permanently living with her uncle's family in a home a stone-throw away in the same slum. Azharuddin's home too was demolished in the past two weeks, as it happens every year in his case, because the concrete walls were preventing local authorities to clear a drain passing right behind it. As usual, his father is looking into restoring the walls as soon as the work on the drain has been completed.
    Slumdog_Millionaire_Salaam_Mumbai_In...jpg
  • A sad Azharuddin Ismail, 10, the child actor playing the role of 'young Salim', the brother of Jamal, protagonist of Slumdog Millionaire, the famous movie winner of 8 Oscar Academy Awards in December 2008, is sitting near his home inside the slum where he and his family still live next to the train station of Bandra (East), Mumbai, India. Various promises were made to lift the two young actors (Azharuddin Ismail and Rubina Ali) from poverty and slum-life but as of the end of May 2009 anything is yet to happen. Rubina's house was recently demolished with no notice as it lay on land owned by the Maharashtra train authorities and she is now permanently living with her uncle's family in a home a stone-throw away in the same slum. Azharuddin's home too was demolished in the past two weeks, as it happens every year in his case, because the concrete walls were preventing local authorities to clear a drain passing right behind it. As usual, his father is looking into restoring the walls as soon as the work on the drain has been completed.
    Slumdog_Millionaire_Salaam_Mumbai_In...jpg
  • Azharuddin Ismail, 10, the child actor playing the role of 'young Salim', the brother of Jamal, protagonist of Slumdog Millionaire, the famous movie winner of 8 Oscar Academy Awards in December 2008, is listening to music through his mobile phone in the slum where he still lives with his family next to the train station of Bandra (East), Mumbai, India. Various promises were made to lift the two young actors (Azharuddin Ismail and Rubina Ali) from poverty and slum-life but as of the end of May 2009 anything is yet to happen. Rubina's house was recently demolished with no notice as it lay on land owned by the Maharashtra train authorities and she is now permanently living with her uncle's family in a home a stone-throw away in the same slum. Azharuddin's home too was demolished in the past two weeks, as it happens every year in his case, because the concrete walls were preventing local authorities to clear a drain passing right behind it. As usual, his father is looking into restoring the walls as soon as the work on the drain has been completed.
    Slumdog_Millionaire_Salaam_Mumbai_In...jpg
  • A family home in the slum surrounding Firozabad, renowned as the 'glass city', in Uttar Pradesh, northern India, has been transformed into a small-scale workshop where young girls are decorating the bracelets produced in factories nearby. Due to extreme poverty, over 20.000 young children are employed to complete the bracelets produced in the industrial units. This area is considered to be one of the highest concentrations of child labour on the planet. Forced to work to support their disadvantaged families, children as young as five are paid between 30-40 Indian Rupees (approx. 0.50 EUR) for eight or more hours of work daily. Most of these children are not able to receive an education and are easily prey of the labour-poverty cycle which has already enslaved their families to a life of exploitation. Children have to sit in crouched positions, use solvents, glues, kerosene and various other dangerous materials while breathing toxic fumes and spending most time of the day in dark, harmful environments. As for India's Child Labour Act of 1986, children under 14 are banned from working in industries deemed 'hazardous' but the rules are widely flouted, and prosecutions, when they happen at all, get bogged down in courts for lengthy periods. A ban on child labour without creating alternative opportunities for the local population is the central problem to the Indian Government's approach to the social issue affecting over 50 million children nationwide.
    Hidden_Youth_06.jpg
  • Members of the AVCC, (Anti-Violence Crime Cell) a special police unit mostly involved in anti-terrorism operations and kidnapping cases in the city of Karachi, are collecting their weapons from the AVCC armory in central Karachi in preparation of a night raid on the outskirts of the city searching for a kidnap suspect.
    Protecting_Karachi_Alex_Masi_Pakista...JPG
  • Two suspected kidnappers are being questioned on the spot inside a police car by members of the AVCC (Anti-Violence Crime Cell) and by the local police force in Thatta, on the outskirts of Karachi, while on his search for a hostage during a fake ransom meet up with the criminals. The AVCC is a special police unit mostly involved in anti-terrorism operations and kidnap cases.
    Protecting_Karachi_Alex_Masi_Pakista...JPG
  • Boxes containing bracelets are photographed at a local street market in Firozabad, renowned as the 'glass city', Uttar Pradesh, northern India. Due to extreme poverty, over 20.000 young children are employed to complete the bracelets produced in the industrial units. This area is considered to be one of the highest concentrations of child labour on the planet. Forced to work to support their disadvantaged families, children as young as five are paid between 30-40 Indian Rupees (approx. 0.50 EUR) for eight or more hours of work daily. Most of these children are not able to receive an education and are easily prey of the labour-poverty cycle which has already enslaved their families to a life of exploitation. Children have to sit in crouched positions, use solvents, glues, kerosene and various other dangerous materials while breathing toxic fumes and spending most time of the day in dark, harmful environments. As for India's Child Labour Act of 1986, children under 14 are banned from working in industries deemed 'hazardous' but the rules are widely flouted, and prosecutions, when they happen at all, get bogged down in courts for lengthy periods. A ban on child labour without creating alternative opportunities for the local population is the central problem to the Indian Government's approach to the social issue affecting over 50 million children nationwide.
    Hidden_Youth_35.jpg
  • A group of slum dwellers on the hills surrounding the tannery area of Jajmau are busy collecting fresh water being provided to the colony daily by the government in Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh. The inhabitants are complaining that too little water is provided for the large population of the area, while in case of power cuts, a very common event in Kanpur, the pumping station can shut down completely for days at the time. Rows and arguments over water collection here are an unfortunate daily reality.
    Kanpur_Leather_Industry_41.JPG
  • A young girl from Joana, pop. 1800, Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh, is standing in front of her house. The inhabitants of the village are affected by the wastewater originated from the nearby Jajmau Industrial Area, the largest leather producing hub in India, discharging directly into the holy Ganges River.
    Kanpur_Leather_Industry_40.JPG
  • A young woman is covering her eyes during a sandstorm, in the heavily polluted city of Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh, the largest leather production hub in India.
    Kanpur_Leather_Industry_38.JPG
  • A large drain is pouring municipal and industrial waste into the Ganges River near Jajmau Industrial Area, Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh. Many drains are scattered around the area and discharge contaminated wastewater into the nearby river tainting underground reservoirs and endangering the fresh water supply of local people.
    Kanpur_Leather_Industry_32.JPG
  • Labourers are collecting and dividing the thin black dust obtained by boiling leather scraps in one of the many dumping and burning grounds near the tannery area of Jajmau, Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh. This dust is the first process to fertilisers and chicken food.
    Kanpur_Leather_Industry_28.JPG
  • A worker in one of the tannery units within the industrial area of Jajmau, Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh, is pulling a large piece of leather from a chromium bath, where the skin has had hair and impurities removed in a process called liming, to be dried outside the factory.
    Kanpur_Leather_Industry_17.JPG
  • Workers in one of the larger tanneries within the Jajmau Industrial Area, Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh, are stockpiling pieces of leather while trimming impurities and scraps before proceeding to colouring and finishing.
    Kanpur_Leather_Industry_16.JPG
  • Workers in one of the large tanneries located in Jajmau area of Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh, are processing leather in chromium baths, or liming, while complying to little, if any, health and safety regulations.
    Kanpur_Leather_Industry_14.JPG
  • An elder and a young boy are using their bare hands to collect skins from a bath of contaminated water during the process of liming, removing hair and impurities with the use of various agents, in an illegal tannery unit located within the industrial area of Jajmau, Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh.
    Kanpur_Leather_Industry_12.JPG
  • A young boy is removing contaminated water from a bath after the process of liming, the removal of hair and impurities with the use of water and various agents, in an illegal tannery unit inside Jajmau, Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh. Children are largely employed to work on scraps, or little pieces of skin, like the head and the ears of the animal, which will become a small bag, a wallet, or maybe a cheap phone leather case.
    Kanpur_Leather_Industry_10.JPG
  • A young boy is collecting skins from a bath during the process of liming, the removal of hair and impurities with the use of water and various agents, in an illegal tannery unit inside Jajmau, Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh. Children are largely employed to work on scraps, or little pieces of skin, like the head and the ears of the animal, which will become a small bag, a wallet, or maybe a cheap phone leather case.
    Kanpur_Leather_Industry_08.JPG
  • A child labourer in one of the illegal tannery units inside Jajmau, Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh, is holding to the side of a pool while stepping on buffalo's skins inside a bath during the process of liming, the removal of hair and impurities with the use of water and various agents. Children are mostly employed on scraps, or little parts, like the head and the ears of the animal, which will become a small bag or maybe a cheap phone leather case.
    Kanpur_Leather_Industry_05.JPG
  • Inmates are taking part to a stretching session with their female trainer during the time they regularly spend carrying out physical exercise and learning about the human body inside the luxurious Halden Fengsel, (prison) near Oslo, Norway.
    Halden_Luxury_Prison_Norway_049.JPG
  • Inmates are practicing instruments in the professional recording studio where they regularly play as a band, built inside the luxurious Halden Fengsel, (prison) near Oslo, Norway.
    Halden_Luxury_Prison_Norway_047.JPG
  • Inmates are practicing instruments in the professional recording studio where they regularly play as a band, built inside the luxurious Halden Fengsel, (prison) near Oslo, Norway.
    Halden_Luxury_Prison_Norway_020.jpg
  • A sniffer dog is waiting for orders to begin walking through bags owned by new arrivals at the luxurious Halden Fengsel, (prison) near Oslo, Norway.
    Halden_Luxury_Prison_Norway_042.JPG
  • A Christian inmate is praying while sitting inside an area of the prison built purposely for prisoners wanting to express their faith inside the luxurious Halden Fengsel, (prison) near Oslo, Norway.
    Halden_Luxury_Prison_Norway_041.JPG
  • Inmates are smoking a cigarette in one of the open areas of the luxurious Halden Fengsel, (prison) near Oslo, Norway.
    Halden_Luxury_Prison_Norway_035.JPG
  • The medical personnel is preparing medicinal doses used by a number of inmates under treatment inside the luxurious Halden Fengsel, (prison) near Oslo, Norway.
    Halden_Luxury_Prison_Norway_033.JPG
  • An inmate is brushing his teeth in the bathroom inside one of the single-person prison cells build with various amenities in the luxurious Halden Fengsel, (prison) near Oslo, Norway.
    Halden_Luxury_Prison_Norway_029.JPG
  • Guards are eating and chatting in the lunch room of the luxurious Halden Fengsel, (prison) near Oslo, Norway.
    Halden_Luxury_Prison_Norway_028.JPG
  • Inmates (all but the woman teacher in the middle) are taking part to a cooking lesson inside the luxurious Halden Fengsel, (prison) near Oslo, Norway.
    Halden_Luxury_Prison_Norway_026.JPG
  • A guard (right) is enjoying time with an inmate during a welding workshop carried out inside the luxurious Halden Fengsel, (prison) near Oslo, Norway.
    Halden_Luxury_Prison_Norway_024.JPG
  • An inmate is taking a look at a book while working in the prison library, containing not only books but also magazines, CDs and DVDs, inside the luxurious Halden Fengsel, (prison) near Oslo, Norway.
    Halden_Luxury_Prison_Norway_018.JPG
  • An inmate (centre) is talking to a woman guard (right) inside the prison library, containing not only books but also magazines, CDs and DVDs, inside the luxurious Halden Fengsel, (prison) near Oslo, Norway.
    Halden_Luxury_Prison_Norway_017.JPG
  • Inmates are trying to use a one-wheeled bicycle inside the prison gym during the time they regularly spend carrying out physical exercise and learning about the human body at the luxurious Halden Fengsel, (prison) near Oslo, Norway.
    Halden_Luxury_Prison_Norway_012.JPG
  • A woman trainer (right) is running alongside an inmate in the yard of the luxurious Halden Fengsel, (prison) during the time prisoners regularly spend carrying out physical exercise and learning about the human body in Halden, near Oslo, Norway.
    Halden_Luxury_Prison_Norway_011.JPG
  • Inmates are taking part to a climbing session during the time they regularly spend carrying out physical exercise and learning about the human body inside the luxurious Halden Fengsel, (prison) near Oslo, Norway.
    Halden_Luxury_Prison_Norway_008.JPG
  • An inmate (right) is practicing drawing along a woman guard during an art lesson at the school inside the premises of the luxurious Halden Fengsel, (prison) near Oslo, Norway.
    Halden_Luxury_Prison_Norway_006.JPG
  • A sniffer dog has just identified a bag of a new inmate to be suspicious and is calling for attention in the luxurious Halden Fengsel, (prison) near Oslo, Norway.
    Halden_Luxury_Prison_Norway_003.JPG
  • A member of the AVCC (Anti-Violence Crime Cell) is portrayed while at their headquarters in Karachi, Pakistan. The AVCC is a special police unit mostly involved in anti-terrorism operations and kidnap cases in the city and its vicinity.
    Protecting_Karachi_Alex_Masi_Pakista...JPG
  • A member of the AVCC (Anti-Violence Crime Cell) is portrayed while at their headquarters in Karachi, Pakistan. The AVCC is a special police unit mostly involved in anti-terrorism operations and kidnap cases in the city and its vicinity.
    Protecting_Karachi_Alex_Masi_Pakista...JPG
  • A member of the AVCC (Anti-Violence Crime Cell) is portrayed while at their headquarters in Karachi, Pakistan. The AVCC is a special police unit mostly involved in anti-terrorism operations and kidnap cases in the city and its vicinity.
    Protecting_Karachi_Alex_Masi_Pakista...JPG
  • A member of the AVCC (Anti-Violence Crime Cell) is portrayed while at their headquarters in Karachi, Pakistan. The AVCC is a special police unit mostly involved in anti-terrorism operations and kidnap cases in the city and its vicinity.
    Protecting_Karachi_Alex_Masi_Pakista...JPG
  • A member of the AVCC (Anti-Violence Crime Cell) is portrayed while at their headquarters in Karachi, Pakistan. The AVCC is a special police unit mostly involved in anti-terrorism operations and kidnap cases in the city and its vicinity.
    Protecting_Karachi_Alex_Masi_Pakista...JPG
  • A member of the AVCC (Anti-Violence Crime Cell) is portrayed while at their headquarters in Karachi, Pakistan. The AVCC is a special police unit mostly involved in anti-terrorism operations and kidnap cases in the city and its vicinity.
    Protecting_Karachi_Alex_Masi_Pakista...JPG
  • Naveed Ahmed, 27, a young and ambitious member of the AVCC (Anti-Violence Crime Cell) is portrayed while at their headquarters in Karachi, Pakistan. The AVCC is a special police unit mostly involved in anti-terrorism operations and kidnap cases in the city and its vicinity.
    Protecting_Karachi_Alex_Masi_Pakista...JPG
  • A kidnap suspect (center) is being questioned by two members of the AVCC, (Anti-Violence Crime Cell) a special police unit mostly involved in anti-terrorism operations and kidnap cases in the city of Karachi, Pakistan's main economic hub.
    Protecting_Karachi_Alex_Masi_Pakista...JPG
  • A member of the AVCC, (Anti-Violence Crime Cell) a special police unit mostly involved in anti-terrorism operations and kidnapping cases in the city of Karachi, is loading his Pakistani made G3 assault rifle in preparation of a night raid on the outskirts of the city searching for a kidnap suspect.
    Protecting_Karachi_Alex_Masi_Pakista...JPG
  • SSP (Senior Superintendent of Police) Raja Umer Khattab, head of the anti-terrorism SIU (Special Investigation Unit) of the Karachi Police and one of Pakistan's most experienced terror experts, is portrayed in his office in the SIU headquarters in central Karachi, Pakistan. Mr Khattab was nearly killed by a suicide attack aimed at his assassination in 2008, returned to his job three months later and personally arrested the jihadist that had directed the attack.
    Protecting_Karachi_Alex_Masi_Pakista...JPG
  • High-rise buildings mainly housing expensive apartments and shopping malls have grown very rapidly in Pakistan's main economic and financial hub, Karachi, under the recent leadership of Syed Mustafa Kamal, its mayor. Mr Kamal, 36, who was short-listed for the 2010 World Mayor Prize, is courting foreign investment, encouraging international ties, and boosting the city's tourism.
    Protecting_Karachi_Alex_Masi_Pakista...JPG
  • Members of the Karachi Police are routinely patrolling the streets of the financial area of the city.
    Protecting_Karachi_Alex_Masi_Pakista...JPG
  • A recruit of the Shaheed Benazir Bhutto Elite Police Training Center, a commando and anti-terrorism academy on the outskirts of Karachi, is exercising on a high rope structure located on the premises. The training center was founded by retired colonel Abdul Wahid Khan, a brave officer who served as a gunship helicopter pilot in the Pakistani Air Force and around the globe with the United Nations, but who's first task as a young army officer in 1979 was to train Afghan Mujahedeen to fight the Soviet Army, the very Mujahedeen that are today's Taleban.
    Protecting_Karachi_Alex_Masi_Pakista...JPG
  • Moinuddin Syed, 42, the AVCC (Anti-Violence Crime Cell) second in command, is sitting at his desk in Karachi where he usually analyse information and prepare raids. The AVCC is a special police unit mostly involved in anti-terrorism operations and kidnap cases in the city.
    Protecting_Karachi_Alex_Masi_Pakista...JPG
  • A kidnap suspect is being detained for questioning by a member of the AVCC, (Anti-Violence Crime Cell) a special police unit mostly involved in anti-terrorism operations and kidnap cases in the city of Karachi.
    Protecting_Karachi_Alex_Masi_Pakista...JPG
  • Armed members of the AVCC, (Anti-Violence Crime Cell) a special police unit mostly involved in anti-terrorism operations and kidnap cases in the city of Karachi, are riding their vehicles in the city on their way to a night raid.
    Protecting_Karachi_Alex_Masi_Pakista...JPG
  • Armed members of the AVCC, (Anti-Violence Crime Cell) a special police unit mostly involved in anti-terrorism operations and kidnap cases in the city of Karachi, are preparing to raid a cluster of houses on the outskirts of the city on their search for a kidnap suspect during a fake ransom meet up with the criminals.
    Protecting_Karachi_Alex_Masi_Pakista...JPG
  • Recruits of the the Shaheed Benazir Bhutto Elite Police Training Center, a commando and anti-terrorism academy on the outskirts of Karachi, are exercising and simulating extreme actions on a high tower located on the premises. The training center was founded by retired colonel Abdul Wahid Khan, a brave officer who served as a gunship helicopter pilot in the Pakistani Air Force and around the globe with the United Nations, but who's first task as a young army officer in 1979 was to train Afghan Mujahedeen to fight the Soviet Army, the very Mujahedeen that are today's Taleban.
    Protecting_Karachi_Alex_Masi_Pakista...JPG
  • The entrance of the City Market is photographed in Bangalore, Karnataka, India. On these very same pavements Shafiq Syed, now 34, used to sleep and make a meagre living when he escaped various times from his father's home at the tender age of 11 to live as a street child here first, and then in Mumbai. It was during the time living next to Churchgate train station, in central Mumbai, that he was selected to become the main character for the cast of Cannes' Camera D'Or 1988 winner Salaam Bombay. After the movie he failed to become a star, fell back into poverty and lived on the streets for years before he moved on to become a rickshaw (tuk-tuk) driver in his home city of Bangalore, Karnataka State, India.
    Slumdog_Millionaire_Salaam_Mumbai_In...jpg
  • Shafiq Syed, 34, is driving his rickshaw in the streets surrounding the poor neighbourhood where he now lives with his family in Bangalore, Karnataka, India. Shaifq has been the main character of the Cannes' Camera D'Or 1988 winner Salaam Bombay, but after the movie he failed to become a star, fell back into poverty and lived on the streets for years before he became a rickshaw (tuk-tuk) driver in his home city of Bangalore, Karnataka State, India.
    Slumdog_Millionaire_Salaam_Mumbai_In...jpg
  • Shafiq Syed, 34, is helping his wife preparing tea in their home kitchen inside a poor neighbourhood of Bangalore, Karnataka, India. Shaifq has been the main character of the Cannes' Camera D'Or 1988 winner Salaam Bombay, but after the movie he failed to become a star, fell back into poverty and lived on the streets for years before he became a rickshaw (tuk-tuk) driver in his home city of Bangalore, Karnataka State, India.
    Slumdog_Millionaire_Salaam_Mumbai_In...jpg
  • Shafiq Syed, 34, is driving his rickshaw from home to the city centre of Bangalore, Karnataka, India. Shaifq has been the main character of the Cannes' Camera D'Or 1988 winner Salaam Bombay, but after the movie he failed to become a star, fell back into poverty and lived on the streets for years before he became a rickshaw (tuk-tuk) driver in his home city of Bangalore, Karnataka State, India.
    Slumdog_Millionaire_Salaam_Mumbai_In...jpg
  • Children are playing inside the slum next to Bandra (East) train station, Mumbai, India, near the home of child actors Azharuddin Ismail and Rubina Ali, playing the roles of 'young Salim' and 'young Latika' in the movie Slumdog Millionaire, winner of 8 Oscar Academy Awards in December 2008. Various promises were made to lift the two young actors from poverty and slum-life but as of the end of May 2009 anything is yet to happen. Rubina's house was recently demolished with no notice as it lay on land owned by the Maharashtra train authorities and she is now permanently living with her uncle's family in a home a stone-throw away in the same slum. Azharuddin's home too was demolished in the past two weeks, as it happens every year in his case, because the concrete walls were preventing local authorities to clear a drain passing right behind it. As usual, his father is looking into restoring the walls as soon as the work on the drain has been completed.
    Slumdog_Millionaire_Salaam_Mumbai_In...jpg
  • A slum section is photographed from Bandra (East) train station, Mumbai, India. Here, famous child actors Azharuddin Ismail and Rubina Ali, playing the roles of 'young Salim' and 'young Latika' in the movie Slumdog Millionaire, winner of 8 Oscar Academy Awards in December 2008, still live with their families. Various promises were made to lift the two young actors from poverty and slum-life but as of the end of May 2009 anything is yet to happen. Rubina's house was recently demolished with no notice as it lay on land owned by the Maharashtra train authorities and she is now permanently living with her uncle's family in a home a stone-throw away in the same slum. Azharuddin's home too was demolished in the past two weeks, as it happens every year in his case, because the concrete walls were preventing local authorities to clear a drain passing right behind it. As usual, his father is looking into restoring the walls as soon as the work on the drain has been completed.
    Slumdog_Millionaire_Salaam_Mumbai_In...jpg
  • Children are playing inside the slum next to the train station of Bandra (East), Mumbai, India, where famous child actors Azharuddin Ismail and Rubina Ali, playing the roles of 'young Salim' and 'young Latika' in the movie Slumdog Millionaire, winner of 8 Oscar Academy Awards in December 2008, still live with their families. Various promises were made to lift the two young actors from poverty and slum-life but as of the end of May 2009 anything is yet to happen. Rubina's house was recently demolished with no notice as it lay on land owned by the Maharashtra train authorities and she is now permanently living with her uncle's family in a home a stone-throw away in the same slum. Azharuddin's home too was demolished in the past two weeks, as it happens every year in his case, because the concrete walls were preventing local authorities to clear a drain passing right behind it. As usual, his father is looking into restoring the walls as soon as the work on the drain has been completed.
    Slumdog_Millionaire_Salaam_Mumbai_In...jpg
  • The busy road surrounding the train station of Bandra (East), Mumbai, India, is photographed from a rooftop. In the nearby slum area, child actors Azharuddin Ismail and Rubina Ali, playing the roles of 'young Salim' and 'young Latika' in the movie Slumdog Millionaire, winner of 8 Oscar Academy Awards in December 2008, still live with their families. Various promises were made to lift the two young actors from poverty and slum-life but as of the end of May 2009 anything is yet to happen. Rubina's house was recently demolished with no notice as it lay on land owned by the Maharashtra train authorities and she is now permanently living with her uncle's family in a home a stone-throw away in the same slum. Azharuddin's home too was demolished in the past two weeks, as it happens every year in his case, because the concrete walls were preventing local authorities to clear a drain passing right behind it. As usual, his father is looking into restoring the walls as soon as the work on the drain has been completed.
    Slumdog_Millionaire_Salaam_Mumbai_In...jpg
  • Azharuddin Ismail, 10, the child actor playing the role of 'young Salim', the brother of Jamal, protagonist of Slumdog Millionaire, the famous movie winner of 8 Oscar Academy Awards in December 2008, is buying a local Indian tobacco product for his father on the streets surrounding the slum where he still lives with his family next to the train station of Bandra (East), Mumbai, India. Various promises were made to lift the two young actors (Azharuddin Ismail and Rubina Ali) from poverty and slum-life but as of the end of May 2009 anything is yet to happen. Rubina's house was recently demolished with no notice as it lay on land owned by the Maharashtra train authorities and she is now permanently living with her uncle's family in a home a stone-throw away in the same slum. Azharuddin's home too was demolished in the past two weeks, as it happens every year in his case, as the concrete walls were preventing local authorities to clear a drain passing right behind it. As usual, his father is looking into restoring the walls as soon as the work on the drain has been completed.
    Slumdog_Millionaire_Salaam_Mumbai_In...jpg
  • Azharuddin Ismail, 10, the child actor playing the role of 'young Salim', the brother of Jamal, protagonist of Slumdog Millionaire, the famous movie winner of 8 Oscar Academy Awards in December 2008, is arguing with his mother in their home inside the slum where they still live next to the train station of Bandra (East), Mumbai, India. Various promises were made to lift the two young actors (Azharuddin Ismail and Rubina Ali) from poverty and slum-life but as of the end of May 2009 anything is yet to happen. Rubina's house was recently demolished with no notice as it lay on land owned by the Maharashtra train authorities and she is now permanently living with her uncle's family in a home a stone-throw away in the same slum. Azharuddin's home too was demolished in the past two weeks, as it happens every year in his case, because the concrete walls were preventing local authorities to clear a drain passing right behind it. As usual, his father is looking into restoring the walls as soon as the work on the drain has been completed.
    Slumdog_Millionaire_Salaam_Mumbai_In...jpg
  • Azharuddin Ismail, 10, the child actor playing the role of 'young Salim', the brother of Jamal, protagonist of Slumdog Millionaire, the famous movie winner of 8 Oscar Academy Awards in December 2008, is playing with a water pump near a drain in the slum where he still lives with his family next to the train station of Bandra (East), Mumbai, India. Various promises were made to lift the two young actors (Azharuddin Ismail and Rubina Ali) from poverty and slum-life but as of the end of May 2009 anything is yet to happen. Rubina's house was recently demolished with no notice as it lay on land owned by the Maharashtra train authorities and she is now permanently living with her uncle's family in a home a stone-throw away in the same slum. Azharuddin's home too was demolished in the past two weeks, as it happens every year in his case, because the concrete walls were preventing local authorities to clear a drain passing right behind it. As usual, his father is looking into restoring the walls as soon as the work on the drain has been completed.
    Slumdog_Millionaire_Salaam_Mumbai_In...jpg
  • Azharuddin Ismail, 10, the child actor playing the role of 'young Salim', the brother of Jamal, protagonist of Slumdog Millionaire, the famous movie winner of 8 Oscar Academy Awards in December 2008, is sitting in front of his home along with his father, Mohammed Ismail, 45, (left) and mother, Shammi Bi, 36, (right) in the slum where they still live next to the train station of Bandra (East), Mumbai, India. Various promises were made to lift the two young actors (Azharuddin Ismail and Rubina Ali) from poverty and slum-life but as of the end of May 2009 anything is yet to happen. Rubina's house was recently demolished with no notice as it lay on land owned by the Maharashtra train authorities and she is now permanently living with her uncle's family in a home a stone-throw away in the same slum. Azharuddin's home too was demolished in the past two weeks, as it happens every year in his case, because the concrete walls were preventing local authorities to clear a drain passing right behind it. As usual, his father is looking into restoring the walls as soon as the work on the drain has been completed.
    Slumdog_Millionaire_Salaam_Mumbai_In...jpg
  • Azharuddin Ismail, 10, the child actor playing the role of 'young Salim', the brother of Jamal, protagonist of Slumdog Millionaire, the famous movie winner of 8 Oscar Academy Awards in December 2008, is playing with his mobile phone while sitting with two friends in the evening in front of his home inside the slum where his family still live next to the train station of Bandra (East), Mumbai, India. Various promises were made to lift the two young actors (Azharuddin Ismail and Rubina Ali) from poverty and slum-life but as of the end of May 2009 anything is yet to happen. Rubina's house was recently demolished with no notice as it lay on land owned by the Maharashtra train authorities and she is now permanently living with her uncle's family in a home a stone-throw away in the same slum. Azharuddin's home too was demolished in the past two weeks, as it happens every year in his case, because the concrete walls were preventing local authorities to clear a drain passing right behind it. As usual, his father is looking into restoring the walls as soon as the work on the drain has been completed.
    Slumdog_Millionaire_Salaam_Mumbai_In...jpg
  • Azharuddin Ismail, 10, the child actor playing the role of 'young Salim', the brother of Jamal, protagonist of Slumdog Millionaire, the famous movie winner of 8 Oscar Academy Awards in December 2008, is having a small discussion with his mother over his mobile phone in the slum where he still lives with his family next to the train station of Bandra (East), Mumbai, India. Various promises were made to lift the two young actors (Azharuddin Ismail and Rubina Ali) from poverty and slum-life but as of the end of May 2009 anything is yet to happen. Rubina's house was recently demolished with no notice as it lay on land owned by the Maharashtra train authorities and she is now permanently living with her uncle's family in a home a stone-throw away in the same slum. Azharuddin's home too was demolished in the past two weeks, as it happens every year in his case, because the concrete walls were preventing local authorities to clear a drain passing right behind it. As usual, his father is looking into restoring the walls as soon as the work on the drain has been completed.
    Slumdog_Millionaire_Salaam_Mumbai_In...jpg
  • Azharuddin Ismail, 10, the child actor playing the role of 'young Salim', the brother of Jamal, protagonist of Slumdog Millionaire, the famous movie winner of 8 Oscar Academy Awards in December 2008, is laughing with friends in the slum where he still lives with his family next to the train station of Bandra (East), Mumbai, India. Various promises were made to lift the two young actors (Azharuddin Ismail and Rubina Ali) from poverty and slum-life but as of the end of May 2009 anything is yet to happen. Rubina's house was recently demolished with no notice as it lay on land owned by the Maharashtra train authorities and she is now permanently living with her uncle's family in a home a stone-throw away in the same slum. Azharuddin's home too was demolished in the past two weeks, as it happens every year in his case, because the concrete walls were preventing local authorities to clear a drain passing right behind it. As usual, his father is looking into restoring the walls as soon as the work on the drain has been completed.
    Slumdog_Millionaire_Salaam_Mumbai_In...jpg
  • Azharuddin Ismail, 10, the child actor playing the role of 'young Salim', the brother of Jamal, protagonist of Slumdog Millionaire, the famous movie winner of 8 Oscar Academy Awards in December 2008, is playing with a water pump near a drain in the slum where he still lives with his family next to the train station of Bandra (East), Mumbai, India. Various promises were made to lift the two young actors (Azharuddin Ismail and Rubina Ali) from poverty and slum-life but as of the end of May 2009 anything is yet to happen. Rubina's house was recently demolished with no notice as it lay on land owned by the Maharashtra train authorities and she is now permanently living with her uncle's family in a home a stone-throw away in the same slum. Azharuddin's home too was demolished in the past two weeks, as it happens every year in his case, because the concrete walls were preventing local authorities to clear a drain passing right behind it. As usual, his father is looking into restoring the walls as soon as the work on the drain has been completed.
    Slumdog_Millionaire_Salaam_Mumbai_In...jpg
  • A man is transporting unfinished glass bracelets from a house to another one on the road connecting two sections of the slum surrounding Firozabad, renowned as the 'glass city', in Uttar Pradesh, northern India. Due to extreme poverty, over 20.000 young children are employed to complete the bracelets produced in the industrial units. This area is considered to be one of the highest concentrations of child labour on the planet. Forced to work to support their disadvantaged families, children as young as five are paid between 30-40 Indian Rupees (approx. 0.50 EUR) for eight or more hours of work daily. Most of these children are not able to receive an education and are easily prey of the labour-poverty cycle which has already enslaved their families to a life of exploitation. Children have to sit in crouched positions, use solvents, glues, kerosene and various other dangerous materials while breathing toxic fumes and spending most time of the day in dark, harmful environments. As for India's Child Labour Act of 1986, children under 14 are banned from working in industries deemed 'hazardous' but the rules are widely flouted, and prosecutions, when they happen at all, get bogged down in courts for lengthy periods. A ban on child labour without creating alternative opportunities for the local population is the central problem to the Indian Government's approach to the social issue affecting over 50 million children nationwide.
    Hidden_Youth_32.jpg
  • A young girl is joining is joining bracelets with the use of a gas flame inside her home transformed into a small-scale workshop in the slum surrounding Firozabad, renowned as the 'glass city', in  Uttar Pradesh, northern India. Due to extreme poverty, over 20.000 young children are employed to complete the bracelets produced in the industrial units. This area is considered to be one of the highest concentrations of child labour on the planet. Forced to work to support their disadvantaged families, children as young as five are paid between 30-40 Indian Rupees (approx. 0.50 EUR) for eight or more hours of work daily. Most of these children are not able to receive an education and are easily prey of the labour-poverty cycle which has already enslaved their families to a life of exploitation. Children have to sit in crouched positions, use solvents, glues, kerosene and various other dangerous materials while breathing toxic fumes and spending most time of the day in dark, harmful environments. As for India's Child Labour Act of 1986, children under 14 are banned from working in industries deemed 'hazardous' but the rules are widely flouted, and prosecutions, when they happen at all, get bogged down in courts for lengthy periods. A ban on child labour without creating alternative opportunities for the local population is the central problem to the Indian Government's approach to the social issue affecting over 50 million children nationwide.
    Hidden_Youth_22.jpg
  • A young boy is moving bundles of just painted glass bracelets inside a house transformed into a small-scale workshop in the slum surrounding Firozabad, renowned as the 'glass city', in Uttar Pradesh, northern India. Due to extreme poverty, over 20.000 young children are employed to complete the bracelets produced in the industrial units. This area is considered to be one of the highest concentrations of child labour on the planet. Forced to work to support their disadvantaged families, children as young as five are paid between 30-40 Indian Rupees (approx. 0.50 EUR) for eight or more hours of work daily. Most of these children are not able to receive an education and are easily prey of the labour-poverty cycle which has already enslaved their families to a life of exploitation. Children have to sit in crouched positions, use solvents, glues, kerosene and various other dangerous materials while breathing toxic fumes and spending most time of the day in dark, harmful environments. As for India's Child Labour Act of 1986, children under 14 are banned from working in industries deemed 'hazardous' but the rules are widely flouted, and prosecutions, when they happen at all, get bogged down in courts for lengthy periods. A ban on child labour without creating alternative opportunities for the local population is the central problem to the Indian Government's approach to the social issue affecting over 50 million children nationwide.
    Hidden_Youth_15.jpg
  • Three brothers are painting bracelets inside their home, transformed into a small-scale workshop, in the slum surrounding Firozabad, renowned as the 'glass city', in Uttar Pradesh, northern India. Due to extreme poverty, over 20.000 young children are employed to complete the bracelets produced in the industrial units. This area is considered to be one of the highest concentrations of child labour on the planet. Forced to work to support their disadvantaged families, children as young as five are paid between 30-40 Indian Rupees (approx. 0.50 EUR) for eight or more hours of work daily. Most of these children are not able to receive an education and are easily prey of the labour-poverty cycle which has already enslaved their families to a life of exploitation. Children have to sit in crouched positions, use solvents, glues, kerosene and various other dangerous materials while breathing toxic fumes and spending most time of the day in dark, harmful environments. As for India's Child Labour Act of 1986, children under 14 are banned from working in industries deemed 'hazardous' but the rules are widely flouted, and prosecutions, when they happen at all, get bogged down in courts for lengthy periods. A ban on child labour without creating alternative opportunities for the local population is the central problem to the Indian Government's approach to the social issue affecting over 50 million children nationwide.
    Hidden_Youth_14.jpg
  • A young girl is decorating glass bracelets inside a house transformed into a small-scale workshop in the slum surrounding Firozabad, renowned as the 'glass city', in Uttar Pradesh, northern India. Due to extreme poverty, over 20.000 young children are employed to complete the bracelets produced in the industrial units. This area is considered to be one of the highest concentrations of child labour on the planet. Forced to work to support their disadvantaged families, children as young as five are paid between 30-40 Indian Rupees (approx. 0.50 EUR) for eight or more hours of work daily. Most of these children are not able to receive an education and are easily prey of the labour-poverty cycle which has already enslaved their families to a life of exploitation. Children have to sit in crouched positions, use solvents, glues, kerosene and various other dangerous materials while breathing toxic fumes and spending most time of the day in dark, harmful environments. As for India's Child Labour Act of 1986, children under 14 are banned from working in industries deemed 'hazardous' but the rules are widely flouted, and prosecutions, when they happen at all, get bogged down in courts for lengthy periods. A ban on child labour without creating alternative opportunities for the local population is the central problem to the Indian Government's approach to the social issue affecting over 50 million children nationwide.
    Hidden_Youth_09.jpg
  • A family home in the slum surrounding Firozabad, renowned as the 'glass city', in  Uttar Pradesh, northern India, has been transformed into a small-scale workshop where young boys and girls are aligning the ends of bracelets produced in coils by factories nearby. Due to extreme poverty, over 20.000 young children are employed to complete the bracelets produced in the industrial units. This area is considered to be one of the highest concentrations of child labour on the planet. Forced to work to support their disadvantaged families, children as young as five are paid between 30-40 Indian Rupees (approx. 0.50 EUR) for eight or more hours of work daily. Most of these children are not able to receive an education and are easily prey of the labour-poverty cycle which has already enslaved their families to a life of exploitation. Children have to sit in crouched positions, use solvents, glues, kerosene and various other dangerous materials while breathing toxic fumes and spending most time of the day in dark, harmful environments. As for India's Child Labour Act of 1986, children under 14 are banned from working in industries deemed 'hazardous' but the rules are widely flouted, and prosecutions, when they happen at all, get bogged down in courts for lengthy periods. A ban on child labour without creating alternative opportunities for the local population is the central problem to the Indian Government's approach to the social issue affecting over 50 million children nationwide.
    Hidden_Youth_05.jpg
  • A man is bathing in the polluted Ganges River in Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh, at dawn. Sustaining life for thousands of years along the Indo-Gangetic plains, the river's ecosystem is in grave danger of being damaged beyond repair.
    Kanpur_Leather_Industry_47.JPG
  • Six boys are sitting on the banks of the polluted Ganges River in Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh, near the tannery area of Jajmau. Sustaining life for thousands of years along the Indo-Gangetic plains, the river's ecosystem is in grave danger of being damaged beyond repair.
    Kanpur_Leather_Industry_46.JPG
  • Koren, 5, is one of three children presenting a similar neurological disorder and living on the same road in Joana village, pop. 1800, Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh. He is portrayed while in the arms of his father. The village is located onto a series of drains joining the Ganges River nearby and the community is entirely.reliant on the poisonous groundwater. Koren has serious cognitive limitations while his body's right side is affected by a semi-paralysis and muscular defection. His family cannot afford even a rudimental medication.
    Kanpur_Leather_Industry_44.JPG
  • Agricultural labourers are collecting water devoted to irrigation from pools forming on the side of the polluted Ganges River in Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh, near Jajmao Industrial Area. Sustaining life for thousands of years along the Indo-Gangetic plains, the river's ecosystem is in grave danger of being damaged beyond repair while crops absorb the contaminants from the water and pass it on to those consuming the vegetables grown in this area.
    Kanpur_Leather_Industry_43.JPG
  • A child with a neurological disorder (2nd from left) is portrayed with his underprivileged family inside their rudimental home in Joana, pop. 1800, Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh, a poor agricultural village affected by the tanneries' untreated water discharge in the Ganges River.
    Kanpur_Leather_Industry_35.JPG
  • The polluted Ganges River in Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh, is seen at dawn from its banks, bordering the large tannery area of Jajmao. Sustaining life for thousands of years along the Indo-Gangetic plains, the river's ecosystem is in grave danger of being damaged beyond repair.
    Kanpur_Leather_Industry_33.JPG
  • Workers at one of the illegal dumping and burning grounds on the outskirts of Jajmau, near the Ganges River, are portrayed while taking a break on a pile of scrap leather destined to be boiled and reduced to a thin dust: the first process to fertilisers and chicken food, in Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh.
    Kanpur_Leather_Industry_31.JPG
  • Young workers are feeding a series of large boilers in an illegal dumping and burning ground located on the banks of the holy Ganges River near the tannery area of Jajmau, Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh, India. The scrap leather is destined to be boiled and reduced to a thin dust: the raw material for fertilisers and chicken food production.
    Kanpur_Leather_Industry_29.JPG
  • Two labourers having a meal of boiled potatoes before beginning their daily work in one of the illegal dumping and burning grounds surrounding the area of Jajmau, Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh. After being bathed in chromium and other chemicals to remove hair and impurities in a process called liming, the skins are examined by hand and the useless parts are cut and sent to one of these fields where they are boiled and reduced to a thin black dust. The resulting dark powder will then be used as a fertiliser or for the first stage of poultry food production.
    Kanpur_Leather_Industry_26.JPG
  • Two boys are feeding a large boiler in an illegal dumping and burning ground located on the banks of the Holy Ganges River near the tannery area of Jajmau, Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh. The scrap leather is destined to be boiled and reduced to a thin dust: the raw material for fertilisers and chicken food production.
    Kanpur_Leather_Industry_25.JPG
  • A man is moving a heavy load of half-processed leather on arrival from a different unit, to a new plant for further processing in Jajmau Industrial Area, Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh. Knowing whether children were employed in the process is the real challenge when outsourcing leather in Kanpur.
    Kanpur_Leather_Industry_24.JPG
  • A child is sewing parts of what will be leather articles, inside a medium-size manufacturing unit in Jajmau Industrial Area, Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh.
    Kanpur_Leather_Industry_23.JPG
  • The owner of a small tannery in Jajmau Industrial Area, Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh, is showing the leather just painted in their unit. Arrived from somewhere else, painted by the two children I have witnessed working here, it will depart to reach other hands, and later become an item for sale. In Jajmau this is a daily reality and an intervention is needed to curb the practice.
    Kanpur_Leather_Industry_22.JPG
  • Two men are moving a heavy load of half-processed leather using a severed horse pulling a wooden cart to a new plant for further processing in Jajmau Industrial Area, Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh. Knowing whether children were employed in the process is the real challenge when outsourcing leather in Kanpur.
    Kanpur_Leather_Industry_21.JPG
  • Workers inside the warehouse of a large tannery in Jajmau Industrial Area, Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh, are counting, stockpiling and measuring pieces of dry leather while cutting out some impurities and scraps. They will then proceed with smoothing, colouring and finishing.
    Kanpur_Leather_Industry_18.JPG
  • A labourer is moving a heavy load of half-processed leather destined to reach a new unit to complete another step of the production chain. In Jajmau Industrial Area, Kanupu, Uttar Pradesh, the leather passes hand in hand many times before being ready for the final product manufacturing stage. This 'outsourcing effect' creates a considerable risk for local underprivileged children to become involved in hazardous activities and subjected to lifelong exploitation.
    Kanpur_Leather_Industry_15.JPG
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